please read it, it s good!

=3D=3DHistory=3D=3D

Profesor engles Lancelot H= ogben created [[interglossa]] in which he watched fires above University of= Aberdeen in orld war II . He removed all affixes and changes to words ins= pired by the publication ofe [[latino sine flexione]] by Peano en 1905,buth= e decided to reduce the dictionary to 880 words.He published his ideas in= 1943 as “Interglossa: A draft of an auxiliary for a democratic world order= , being an attempt to apply semantic principles to language design” (Pelica= n Books).

=3D=3D=3DGlosa=3D=3D=3D

• ’'’Glosa’’’ is international auxiliar= y language. It is an isolating language: There are no affixes or changes to= words, which retain always thier original forms. Instead, articles indicat= e their gramatical roles!
• ’'’Glisa’’’ is improved “glosa”,which is cleare= r, with freedom in order of words, and more exact and simple! It is created= by Dr Mohamed Ali, an iraqi pediatrician ([[User:Myaleee*myaleee]], ema= il myalee@… Octobre 2010.

*I made arbitrary changes to words to = make them easily recognisible,and understandable! Words from Latin are pref= ered to Greek ones, bela is prettier than kali(whole words like ‘'’komputer= o’’’ is more international than “puta-me” thinking machine of glosa, no?) *= Many suffixes are removed (-ma,-li,-do,-ka etc) and others are added like = “rita “ worthy of etc!

=3D=3DGrammar=3D=3D

=3D=3D=3DPronunciation=3D=3D= =3D

*5 vowels like in Spanish and are pronounced like English : fAther, = cafE, machIne, mOre, lUnar. *Diphthongs. Pronounce vowels separately. *Cons= onants same as in English, except: *C always like CH in English CHurCH. *J= like Y in Yes. *G always lke Get. *Q like English QU or KW. *SC like Engl= ish SH

=3D=3D=3Dpersonal Pronouns =3D=3D=3D

{*class=3D”simple”

!Engli= sh!! Glisa !! possessives

*I ,’'’mi’’’ ,’'’mia’’’

• we ,’'’nos’’’ ,’'’n= osa’’’

• Thou ,’'’tu’’’ ,’'’tua’’’

• you(pl.) ,’'’vos’’’ ,’'’vosa’’’

=

• He ,’'’il’’’ ,’'’ila’’’

• She ,’'’el’’’ ,’'’ela’’’

• Id ,’'’id’’’ ,’’= ‘ida’’’

• they ,’'’ili ,’'’ilia’’’

• one(pron.) ,’'’on’’’ ,’'’ona’’’

=

• one another ,’'’alelo’’’ **

• himself,herself etc ,’'’aute’’’ ,’'’se’= ‘’

• his((etc) own,,’'’sea’’’ *}

=3D=3D=3DVerbs=3D=3D=3D

In glisa, thes= e articles indicate tense,mode and aspect of the verb:

’'’Aj’’’ (pronounc= ed “ai”) placed anywhere =3D imperative: ‘'’aj veni ili’’’ =3D let them com= e; ‘'’tu e mi aj somni’’’: let me and you sleep.

{*class=3D”simple”

• ’’= ‘pa’’’ ,ia (past)

• ’'’fu’’’ ,va (future)

• ’'’nu’’’ **now

• ’'’sio’’= ‘ ,would

• ’'’du’’’ ,continue doing

• ’'’nu pa’’’ ,already *}

‘Most’’ = of verbs finish by ‘’‘-i’’’, adjectives by ‘’‘-a’’’, nouns by ‘’‘-o’’’: e.g= ‘'’domo’’’ (house), ‘'’kano’’’ (dog), ‘'’facila’’’ =3D easy, ‘'’amiko’’’ = =3D friend.

=3D=3D=3D=3DSufisas=3D=3D=3D=3D

• verb + ‘'’ta’’’ =3D adjec= tive or participle: ** ‘'’ami ta matro’’’ =3D loving mother ** ‘'’mi es stu= di ta’’’ =3D I am studying
• verb, nom + ‘'’za’’’ =3D full of: ** ‘'’studi = za puero’’’ =3D studious boy ** ‘'’floro za’’’ =3Dfull of flowers
• verb , = noun,or adjective + ‘'’to’’’ =3D concept name ** ‘'’la ami to’’’ =3D the lo= ve ** ‘'’pluta to’’’ =3D richness ** ‘'’la amiko to’’’ =3D friendship
• ver= b + ‘'’te’’’ =3D adverb: ** ‘'’studi te’’’ =3D while studying ** ‘'’ami te’= ‘’ =3D with love
• verb + ‘'’dia’’’ =3D passive participle (-da): ** ‘'’a= mi dia’’’ =3D loved one ** ‘'’mia ami diafes’’’ =3Dmy beloved girls (suffix= es are connected, the less the better: ‘'’mia ami dia puero (fes)’'’my love= d boyfriends(girls) ** ‘'’frakti dia’’’ =3D broken
• verb + ‘'’fi’’’ =3D b= ecome: ** ‘'’frakti fi’’’ =3D get broken
• verb + ‘'’zi’’’ =3D cause: ** ‘’= ‘trista zi’’ =3D make sad =3D=3D=3D=3D prefixes=3D=3D=3D=3D onklo:uncle onk= lo fe: aunt avo: grandpa sibo: brother sibo fe: sister yes/no questions Qe= … ? What/Which? Qo? How many? Qo numero? qo multa How muc= h? qo multa How often? Qo freqa? Why? (cause) Qoka? W= here? Qolo? What thing? Qojo? Who? Qope? H= ow? Qomode?; Komo? When? Qohoro?; Qodi? qotem?

P= refixes

no=3Dopposive : no bela , no facila dise (adverb): separate> dise = vesti: undress

semi: half : semi horo ete =3Ddiminutive ete ridi smile, e= te domo small house ege =3Dbig ege parli, ege domo, ege felica tri: emo : = one third, cento emo:one hundredth opla: pro multa fi : bi opla=3Ddouble, t= ri opla=3Dtreble, ok opla: kilo opla kronos:one thousand times mise : falsa= :mise logi misunderstand retre: retre : retre veni re: again :re faci st= epa patro: step father vice deputy: vice cefa: deputy chief re: again :re= faci =3Ddo again

=3D=3D=3DExamples=3D=3D=3D

{*class=3D”simple”

• Pas= t ,’'’Pa’’’ ,’'’Mi pa lekti la biblo.’’’ **I have read the book.

• contin= uant Past ,’'’Pa du’’’ ,’'’Mi pa du lekti la biblo.’’’ ,I have been readin= g the book.

• Pasada perfeta ,’'’Pa (pa)’’’ (vea: ‘'’pra’’’) ,’'’Mi pa = (pa) lekti la biblo.’’’ **ihave read the book

• Presente ,’’‘(nu)’’’ ,’’’= Mi (nu) lekti la biblo.’’’ **I read the book.

• Presente continuante ,’’’= Du’’’ ,’'’Mi du lekti la biblo.’’’ ,I am reading the book.

• Presente per= feta ,’'’Nu pa’’’ ,’'’Mi nu pa lekti la biblo.’’’ **I have read the book. =

• Futur ,’'’Fu’’’ ,’'’Mi fu lekti la biblo.’’’ ,I shall read the book.

*= Futur prosima ,’'’Nu fu’’’ ,’'’Mi nu fu lekti la biblo.’’’ ,I shall soon r= ead the book.

• Futur perfeta ,’'’Fu pa’’’ ,’'’Mi fu pa lekti la biblo.’’= ‘ ,I shall have read the book.

• Ipotesal ,’'’Sio’’’ ,’'’Mi sio lekti la = biblo…’’’ ,If I would read the book

• Comanda ,’'’aj!’’’ ,’'’Aj lekti!’= ‘’ **read!

• ,,’'’nos nu aj lekti’’’ ,let us read the book !

• Nega ,’’= ‘Ne’’’ ,’'’Mi ne lekti la biblo.’’’ ,Ido not read the book.

• Demanda ,’’= ‘Qe’’’ ,’'’Qe mi lekti la biblo?’’’ **Do I read the book?

• Partisipio pa= siva ,’’‘-dia’’’ ,’'’La biblo es lekti dia.’’’ ,read(passive) (“dia” (en lf= n “tra”) de glosa cambia a ‘'’tra’’’)

• deveni ,’’‘-fi’’’ ,la biblo lekti= fi ex mi. **This book is being read by me.

• Infinitivo ,,’'’lekti’’’ ,r= ead

• Nom verbal ,’’‘(to)’’’ ,’'’lekti to es bona’’’ ,the reading is good= (of the book) *}

=3D=3D=3DSuffixas=3D=3D=3D

• “-ka”, “-bo”, “-fi”, “-va”= , “-li”, “-ma” is eliminated, using complete words in stead, words like ‘’’= vaso’’’, ‘'’kamero’’’.
• ’’‘-jo’’’ =3D thing: ** ‘'’vori jo’’’ =3D food ** = ‘'’vori jos’’’ =3D foods
• ’'’ajo’’’ (pronounced as “aio”) =3D thing
• ’'’l= esa ‘’‘=3D sin: vidi lesa nonseeing.sightless ** ‘'’uci es bona ajo!’’’
• ’= ‘‘-rita’’’ (de “merita”): ** ‘'’lekti rita biblo’’’ =3D a book worth readin= g.

• ’'’vidi ritajos’’’ =3D ‘'’ajos merita de vidi! alo vidi rita ajos!’’’

• ’’‘-bila’’’ =3D able ** ‘'’vidi bila’’’ =3D visible
• ’’‘-lo’’’ =3D lo= ko , general in sense ** ‘'’studi lo’’’ =3D location, room for study
• ’’’-= fa’’’ =3D plural: ** ‘'’homi fa’’’ =3D humanity
• ’'’meko’’’ =3D apparatus:=

** ‘'’seki meko’’’ =3D knife

• names are male: forming female is by adding= suffix “fe” ** ‘'’sibo’’’ =3D brother, ‘'’sibo fe’’’ =3Dsister ** ‘'’filo’= ‘’ =3D son, ‘'’filo fe’’’ =3D daughter // “filo” (in glosa “fibre”)becomes = ‘'’filio’’’ ** ‘'’tio’’’ =3D grandfather, ‘'’tio fe’’’ =3D grandmother

=3D= =3D=3Dvarious Notes =3D=3D=3D

’'’verbo’’’ =3D verb , ‘'’parolo’’’ =3D word= , ‘'’adjektivo’’’ =3D adjektive

{*class=3D”simple”

• “po-co” > ‘'’po te’= ‘’ ,pos esta

• ’'’dei’’’ =3D ce (“than”) ,’'’ma pova dei’’’ =3D poorer th= an

• “plus-co” > ‘'’plus te’’’ ,in addition

• “homo-co” > ‘'’homo te’’= ‘ ,similarly

• “minus” > ‘'’sin’’’ ,’'’sin domo’’’ =3Dhomeless

• “Di mo= “ > ‘'’saturdi’’’, etc **

*’'’mon’’’ =3D un ,’'’mona’’’ =3D prima

*’'’b= i’’’ =3D du ,’'’bia’’’ =3D du (ordinal)

• ,’'’bia krono’’’ =3D second tim= e, “kron” as suffix

• ’'’tem’’’ ,when

• ’'’a il’’’, ‘'’e ili’’’, ‘'’ko= ili’’’ ,(‘'’a’’’, ‘'’e’’’, ‘'’o’’’ do not change to ad il etc)

• usa ‘= ‘‘apreni’’’ =3D learn ,(not “gene sko”)

• ’'’doci’’’ =3D teach ,’'’doci r= o’’’ =3D man teacher *}

=3D=3D=3Dauxiliary Verbs =3D=3D=3D

{*class=3D”s= imple”

• ’'’debi’’’ ,must

• ’'’neci’’’ ,need

• ’'’lici’’’ ,is permitt= ed

• ’'’posi’’’ ,is possible, posi ta =3Dpossible, posi te=3Dpossibly

*= ‘'’poti’’’ ,can

• ’'’mori kori’’’ ,accustomed to danse

• ’'’voli’’’ ,w= ant, desire

• ’'’ami’’’ ,love

• ’'’gusti’’’ ,like

• ’'’gusto’’’ ,ta= ste, gusto fi=3D to taste

• ’'’tendi’’’ ,intende

• ’'’feni’’’ ,seem

*= ‘'’proto fi, komensi’’’ ,commense

• ’'’prepari’’’ ,prepare

• ’'’duri’’= ‘ ,continue

• ’'’stopi’’’ ,stop

• ’'’esperi’’’ ,hope

• ’'’tenti’’’ ,t= ake care

• ’'’studi pe’’’ ,studiant

• ’'’studi fe’’’ ,studiant female=

• ’'’studi ro’’’ ,studiant male

• ’'’studi lo’’’ ,school, bibliothequ= e

• ’'’sko lo’’’ ,school

• ’'’biblo lo’’’ ,bibliotheque

• ’'’biblo-bo= teco’’’ ,library

• ’'’pati lo alo hospitalo’’’ ,ospital (de ‘'’pato’’’ “m= aladia”, ‘'’do’’’ “building”)

• ’'’oku-tego’’ ,eyebrow (de ‘'’tegu’’’ “co= vre”, ‘'’oku’’’ “oio”)

• ’'’agro lo’’’ ,cultiveria (de ‘'’agri’’’ “cultiv= a”, ‘’‘-lo’’’ =3D “loca”)

• ’'’fago’’’ ,food, fago fi =3D eat, fago zi=3D= feed

• ’'’vespero fago’’’ ,dinner (de ‘'’vespera’’’ “sera”, ‘'’fago’’’ )=

• ’'’dejuni jo ‘’’ ,breakfast

• ’'’dejuni’’’ ,have breakfast *}

= =3D=3D=3DAdjetives=3D=3D=3D

Adjetives do not change accordinga their name= s. they come before ore after name, end usually by -a.

=3D=3D=3DDetermin= ants=3D=3D=3D

’'’La’’’ =3D “la”. th indefinite article “a” , “un” is unne= cessary!

• ’'’femino’’’ =3D a woman
• ’'’la femino’’’ =3D the woman

’’‘-s= ‘’’ for plural:

• ’'’mi ami la biblos’’’ =3DI love the books
• ’'’ula’’’ = =3D that ** ‘'’ula gato’’’ =3D that cat ** ‘'’ula gatos’’’ =3D these cats *= ‘'’uci’’’ =3D this ** ‘'’uci gato’’’ =3D this cat ** ‘'’uci gatos’’’ =3D t= hese cats
• ’'’ulas’’’ (pronoun) =3Dthose
• ’'’ucis’’’ =3D these

=3D=3D=3D= Adverbs=3D=3D=3D

Usually, use ‘'’te’’’ after adjective or verb to form th= e adverb:

• ’'’studi te’’’ =3D during study

• ’'’bela te’’’ =3D prettily o= ther adverbs:

• ’'’pokrona’’’ =3D late, pokrona te(av.) lately
• ’'’prekro= na’’’ =3D early, prekrona te(av.)
• ’'’pa di’’’ =3D yesterday
• ’'’nu di’’’= =3D today (note that ‘'’nuda’’’ =3D nude)
• ’'’fu di’’’ =3D tomorrow
• ’’’= imedia’’’ =3D soon
• ’'’imedia te’’’ =3D soon
• ’'’krono’’’ =3D time, bi kr= onos, two times
• ’'’tempo’’’ =3D time
• ’'’dista’’’ =3D distant
• ’'’mesa= ‘’’ =3D media
• ’'’nu’’’ =3D now

=3D=3D=3DConjunctives=3D=3D=3D

• ’'’ak= orda te’’’ =3D accordingly
• ’'’alelo’’’ =3D one the other
• ’'’alo’’’ =3D= or
• ’'’alo… alo’’’ =3D either… or
• ’'’alora’’’ =3D therefore
• ’'’an= ti te’’’ =3D still, although;’'’klu te’’’ =3D although
• ’'’e’’’ =3D and
• = ‘'’fini te’’’ =3D finally
• ’'’hetera te’’’ =3D otherwise
• ’'’ja’’’ =3D = yes
• ’'’no’’’ =3D no
• ’'’kaso te’’’ =3D in the case of
• ’'’ko te’’’ =3D= also
• ’'’klu’’’ =3D even
• ’'’ni… ni’’’ =3D neither… no
• ’'’pene’’’= =3D almost

• ’'’po te’’’ =3D afterwards; ‘'’po ke’’’ =3Dafter( he goes..)

• ’'’posi’’’ =3D poti (verb ), ‘'’posi ta’’’ =3D possible (adjective); ‘'’p= osi te’’’ possibly
• ’'’plus te’’’ =3D in addition
• ’'’qasi’’’ =3D like, s= imilar
• ’'’sed’’’ =3Dbut
• ’'’si ne…’’’ =3D if not
• ’'’ne… si’’’ =3D = if… not
• ’'’vice’’’ =3D instead =3D=3D=3DCorrelatives=3D=3D=3D The corr= elativesin glisa put similar to those in esperanto:

{*class=3D”simple”=

! !! ‘'’qo-‘’’ !! ‘'’uno-‘’’ !! ‘'’ali-‘’’ !! ‘'’panto-‘’’ !! ‘'’nuli-‘’= ‘

• thing ‘’‘-jo’’’ ,’'’qojo’’’ =3D (what thing) ,’'’unojo’’’ =3D someth= ing; (this, that) uci, ula ,(any thing) ‘'’alijo’’’ ,(every thing) pantojo = ,(nothing) nulijo

• Person ‘’‘-pe’’’ ,’'’qope’’’ > who ,(somebody) ‘'’uno= pe’’’ ,(any body) ‘'’alipe’’’; (any) ‘'’ali pe’’’ ,(all) ‘'’panto’’’ ,(none= ) > ‘'’nuli pe’’’

• Location ‘’‘-lo’’’ ,’'’qolo’’’ (where) ,’'’ubi’’’, ‘’= ‘unolo’’’ ,(there, here , somewhere) ‘'’lalo’’’, ‘'’cilo’’’; (anywhere) ‘’’= algalo’’’ ,”to()”(a ) ‘'’pantolo’’‘(everywhere) ,’'’nulilo’’’

• Mode ‘’’-= mode’’’ ,like ‘'’qomode’’’ ,(in some mode) ‘'’unomode’’’ ,(such a way) ‘'’u= cimode’’’ ,(all modes) ‘'’totamode’’’ ,(in nono modo) > ‘'’a no mode’’’

*= Razona ‘'’kausa’’’ ,car > ‘'’pro ke’’’; (per ce) ‘'’qoka’’’; (donce, car, = afin) ‘'’pro ke’’’ ,(per alga razona) ‘'’unoka’’’ ,,( tota razonas) ‘'’pant= oka’’’ ,(per no razonas) > ‘'’nulika’’’

• Time ‘’‘-kron’’’ ,when > ‘'’qot= em’’’; (while) ‘'’tem’’’; (then) ‘'’alikron’’’ ,(alga ora, alga ves) ‘'’uno= kron’’’ ,,(tota oras, tota veses) ‘'’pantokron’’’ ,(no ora, no ves) ‘'’nuli= kron’’’ (for all reasons)

• quantity ‘’‘-qanto’’’ ,(qo)qanto (cuanto) ,= ‘'’unoqanto’’’; (tan multe, tan poca) ‘'’taliqanto’’’, ‘'’talipusa’’’ ,(alg= a) ‘'’pantoqanto’’’ ,(tota) ‘'’pantoqanto’’’ **

• Cualia ‘’‘-qali’’’ ,’’= ‘(qo)qali’’’ (como) ,’'’unoqali’’’; (tal) ‘'’taliqali’’’ ,(alga) ‘'’algaqal= i’’’ ,(tota) ‘'’pantoqali’’’ ** *}

=3D=3D=3DPreposadas=3D=3D=3D

{*class= =3D”simple”

! Glisa !! English !! Adverb !!

• ’'’ab’’’ ,de (move) ,**

• ’'’a’’’ ,a (move) ,**

• ’'’ana’’’ **up ,’'’ana te’’’ ,upword

• ’'’a= nti’’’ ,contra, opposing ,’'’anti te’’’ ,a contra

• ’'’de’’’ from , =

• ’'’dei’’’ ,than ,**

• ’'’dextro’’’ ,to right of ,**

• ’'’epi’’’ *= *above ,**

• ’'’ex’’’ ,out / by ,**

• ’'’in’’’ in (move) ,

• ’'’i= nfra’’’ ,under ,**

• ’'’inter’’’ ,between ,**

• ’'’intra’’’ ,in ,**

*= ‘'’ka’’’ ,because,**

• ’'’kata’’’ ,su (move) ,**

• ’'’ko’’’ ,with ,**

• ’'’kontra’’’ ,against ,**

• ’'’laevo’’’ ,left ,**

• ’'’sin’’’ ,with= out ,**

• ’'’a margina’’’ ,a lado de, asta ,**

• ’'’para’’’ ,asta ,’'’p= ara te’’’ ,esente a asta

• ’'’per’’’ ,par, con (strumento) ,**

• ’'’per= i’’’ ,sirca ,**

• ’'’po’’’ ,pos ,**

• ’'’pre’’’ ,ante ,**

• ’'’pro’’’= ,per ,**

• ’'’proxi’’’ ,prosima de ,proxi ta (ajetivo), proxi te ,prosim= a(av.)

• ’'’so’’’ ,donce ,**

• ’'’supra’’’ ,supra ,**

• ’'’tem’’’ ,a = la mesma tempo como, en la periodo de ,**

• ’'’topo’’’ ,a loca de ,**

*= ‘'’tra’’’ ,tra ,**

• ’'’trans’’’ ,tra, supra ,**

• ’'’ultra’’’ ,ultra = ,** *}

=3D=3D=3DNumbers=3D=3D=3D

{*class=3D”simple”

! numero !! Engli= sh !! glisa

• 0 ,zero ,’'’nuli/zero’’’

• 1 ,one ,’'’mon’’’

• 2 ,two ,= ‘'’bi’’’

• 3 ,three ,’'’tri’’’

• 4 ,four ,’'’tetri’’’

• 5 ,five ,’'’p= enti’’’

• 6 ,six ,’'’sixi’’’

• 7 ,seven ,’'’septi’’’

• 8 ,eight ,’'’o= kti’’’

• 9 ,nine ,’'’noni’’’

• 10 **ten ,’'’dek’’’

• 11 **eleven ,’’’= dekmon’’’

• 12 ,twelve ,’'’dekbi’’’

• 20 ,twenty ,’'’bidek’’’

• 22 = ,twenty two ,’'’bidek-bi’’’

• 100 ,hundred ,’'’cento’’’

• 101 ,hundred = one ,’'’cento-mon ‘’’

• 1.000 ,thousand ,’’‘(mon)kilo’’’

• 1.000.000 ,m= ilion ,’’‘(mon)milion ‘’’ *} Qestios

yes/no questions Qe… ? What/Which= ? Qo? How many? Qo numera? How much? Qo metri? How= often? Qo freqe? Why? (cause) Qoka? Why? (intent) Qote? =

Where? Qolo? What thing? Qojo? Who? Qope? =

How? Qomode?; Komo? When? Qohoro?; Qodi?

=3D= =3Duseful frases=3D=3D

• ’'’Saluti! Ave!’’’ =3D hello!
• ’'’Bena veno, aj = veni bona te !’’’ =3D wecome!
• ’'’Placi!’’’ =3D please!
• ’'’Aj pardoni! P= eniti!’’’ =3D Pardon!
• ’'’Tua nimo es qo?,Tu nimo fi qo ‘’’ =3D what is yo= ur name?
• ’'’Mia nimo es…’’’ =3D My name is…
• ’'’Qolo mi es?’’’ =3D w= here am I?
• ’'’Qanto?’’’ =3D How much?
• ’'’Qe tu pote dice Glosa?’’’ =3D = Tu parli glisa?
• ’'’Mi ne logi.’’’ =3D I do not understand.
• ’'’Grati.’’’= =3D thanks.
• ’'’Zero problemo / Ne gravi.’’’ =3D No problem.
• ’'’A tua s= ano!’’’ =3D to your health!
• ’'’Bona fortuno!’’’ =3D good luck!
• ’'’Es bo= na di.’’’ =3D It is a good day.
• ’'’adio’’’ =3D goodbye.
• ’'’Qo(id) es u= la?’’’ =3D what is that?
• ’'’Qomode tu sano fi, es vos?’’’ =3D How are yo= u?
• ’'’Bona matino!’’’ =3D good morning!
• ’'’Bona vespero!’’’ =3D good ev= ening!
• ’'’Bona nokto!’’’ =3D good night!
• ’'’Bona kli to, somni to/ bona= sonios.’’’ =3D good sleep/ good dreams.
• ’'’Mi ne poti detekti defekto.’= ‘’ =3D I find no errors.
• ’'’Bona’’’ =3D good
• ’'’Kini’’’ =3D go
• ’'’gat= o’’’ =3D a cat
• ’'’kano’’’ =3D a dog
• ’'’suino’’’ =3D a pig
• ’'’bovo’’’ = =3D cow
• ’'’kavalo’’’ =3D horse
• ’'’rano’’’ =3D frog
• ’'’avio’’’ =3D bir= d
• ’'’abea’’’ =3D bee
• ’'’araneo’’’ =3D spider

• ’'’pisko’’’ =3D fish =3D= =3DExemples=3D=3D

• ’'’Il aute pa akti id’’’ =3D She did it herself
• ’'’Q= e tu tendi kini per vagono(vagono te) a’’’ =3D do you want to go by car?
• = ‘'’La juva pes(pueros) pa lavi se’’’ =3D The boys washed herself.
• ’'’El n= e poti kursi iso taka te iso mi.’’’ =3D She can not run as fast as me.
• ’’= ‘auto ergi pe’’’ =3D self-employed person
• ’'’Qe tu memo ula gluka vesper= o?’’’ =3D Do you rememberthat nice evening?
• ’'’qo preco sio es gramo a ..= . ?’’’ =3D How much does this letter cost to..?
• ’'’Tu debi mori de logi g= lisa taka te.’’’ You must get used to understand glisa fast!
• ’'’Mi qesti = fi( o qesti mi, miri) qe il fu veni?’’’ =3D I wonder if she will come.
• ’’= ‘Ili pa noki se.’’’ =3D they hurt themselves.
• ’'’Ili auxi alelo.’’’ =3D t= hey help one another
• ’'’Panto vos gresi longe pedi-vio.’’’ =3D all of you= walk along the pavement.
• ’'’Il pa doni a mi memo jo ex Polska.’’’ =3D = She gave me a souvenir from Poland.
• ’'’Id es la mia. Id es la tua.’’’ = =3D It is mine, It is yours.
• ’'’Tu neci deveni mori ta (neci mori) a uci = friga klimo.’’’ =3D you need to get used to that cold weather.
• ’'’Il mori= visiti el bi kronos singu anua/setimano.’’’ =3D He habitually visits her t= wiceevery year/weeek.
• ’'’Ula no es mori dia.’’’ =3Dthis is unusual.
• ’’’= Il mori kini per trena a urba; sed nu di il fu kini per vagona.’’’
• ’'’Qe = mi lici auxi tu?’’’ =3D Is it permtted to help you?
• ’'’Aj lasi mi auxi tu= .’’’ =3D Permit me to aid you.
• ’'’Qe tu poti dici a mi la vio a … ?’’’= =3D Can you tell me the way to … ?

<div class=3D”caxa”>

they ha= ve 2 each singu pe habe bi ajos how many? qo numera?; qanto? coun= t them numera zi ili June junio, Monday lundi d= ate datu Articles the la all, panto every = pan any ali each singu enough of sati= , sati fi suffice few oliga big, much, lot mega many, a = lot of multi a little pusi only solo, sola ta u= nique a bit of mero; peco this ucis that ulas a kind of = speco , speco ta special the whole of holo which? qo? =

rena sand petro stone;
valvo valve, tap apo zi remove, apo away for= tuno chance fortuna za fortunate ridi laugh vexi annoy, irritate lo= gi understand esti feel kadi fall per fortuno, fortuna te by chance=

mala fortuno unfortunately

Camping - A Few Phrases

elekti loko choo= se a site pleni la dorso-saketo pack a ruck-sack fixi la filios) adjust= the straps fixi la fixi jo fasten the buckle a vento windward trakti m= ovita domo trailer-tent kampo-fa camping equipment kolekti sika ligno (= error in original: ligna) collect dry wood faci kampo-piro make a camp = fire piro zi la kuki meko light the stove kambi la gaso-vaso change th= e gas-cylinder pleni la aqa-vaso fill the water carrier repari meko rep= air kit obei la ruro ta konsilito akti bona te, tem tu visiti la ruro. =3D= =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D <div class=3D”caxa”><po= em>

Jon: Papa, mi voli gami Susan, nosa amiko fe en para ta domi! Patro: N= ulitem! Ka mi prekron habi ami ta relato ko ela matro! El es tua sibo fe! J= on: Seqi te, mi sio gami Mary, nosa hetera para ta amiko fe! Patro: Nulimod= e!! Plus te, mi prekron te habi ami ta relato ko ela matro! Mi peniti, el a= nke es tua sibo fe!

Jon pa kini a sea matro, e pa dici trista te: Papa pa = refusi gami zi mi ko Mary alo Susan, ka ili bi es mia sibo fes! Matro: Aj e= s felica! Tu poti gami alife qi tu desiri! Ka reala te, papa ne es tua patr= o

</poem></div>

<div class=3D”caxa”>

Citi jos de Shakespeare

tran= slati ex myaleee

• Eufamo! Eufamo! A! Mi pa losi mia eufamo! Mi pa losi la= maxi granda de mia aute, ka la resta jo solita te es zoa ta!
• Qoka! so, = la mundo es mia ostro qi mi fu aperi ko spato.
• Nos kausti la radio jos d= e di.
• Uci es la kurta e la longa de id.
• pusi jubila to e bona-veni to = granda sio krei felica celebro .
• Felica to e aktiva to faci la horas f= eni kurta.
• Exkusi to freqa pro ero faci la ero ma mala .
• O civila fe, n= e doci tua labios de depresi, ka ili krei fi pro besi e ne pro tali depresi= to! *Mi konsideri la mundo kom skeno lo, epi qi on debi akti uno rolo, e = mia rolo es fo trista! *La kefo qi porti la korono kli anxi te! *Ami to es = vidi lesa! *singu oku negoti pro sea aute e ne fidi a ali agento. *La vino= stimuli la desiri to sed id turbi la akti to! *La diablo poti citi la bibl= o sankta pro aute tende!
• Ne tenti temgeni de alo temdoni a tua amiko, = ka tu sio losi ambi la ajo e tua amiko.
• E la pusa studi-ro repti lenta t= e sin voli to a sko lo plori te, ko sea paketo e sea faco ko la radi jos = de matino .
• Tu sio es tali modesta kom jelo, tali puri kom nevo, sed tu = ne fu eviti la skandalo.
• Tem trista jos veni, ili veni ne kom spios indiv= ido ta, sed in armeos.
• Tempestos oscili la klora ami rita blastos de ma= jo.
• Mi fo desiri ke nos sio es ma bona aliena pes.
• A! Si mi pa seqe la = artos!
• Aj vesti aute ko virtuo si tu ne posesi id .
• Aj klami “Destrui”= ! e aj expedi ab la kanos de milito!
• Nos veni pro geni id qi habi in aute= nuli profito excepte la nimo, la peco de teritorio.

</poem></div>

<div c= lass=3D”caxa”>

Enigmos de Existo da Lubnana Poeto Ilia Abu Madi

tra= nslati ex myaleee

Mi pa veni ne ski de qolo Sed mi pa veni E mi pa vidi un= o vio ante mi Epi qo mi pa du gresi. Mi dura gresi vole ne vole Qomode mi p= a veni? Qomode mi pa vidi mia vio? mi ne ski!

Qe mi es palea alo neo in uc= i existo? Qe mi es liba pe alo sklavo in katenos? Qe mi duci aute in bio to= alo Mi du es duci dia? Mi fo desiri ski, sed regreti te Mi ne ski!

Mia vi= o? Qomode es mia vio? Qe id es kurta alo longa? Qe mi deskendi a infra alo = askendi a ana? Alo kadi a infra de fundo? Alo ambi mi e mia vio du stopi te= m la mundo kursi? Mi ne ski!

Qolo es mia trista to e mia ridi to Tem mi pa= es juva puero Qolo es mia ignori to e mia alegri to Tem mi pa es pusa e gl= uka babio? Qolo es mia sonios qi semper du seqi mi? Ili panto pa vanesci! S= ed qomode vanesci ? Mi ne ski!

O Maro mega! Komo mi, tu habi areno e perl= o Sed tu habi nuli umbro E mi habi umbro epi geo! E tu ne habi cerebro, e m= i es fo sofia So qoka tu vive permana te e mi mori ab??! Mi ne ski! </poem=

</div>

<div class=3D”caxa”>

God must love stupid people. He mae SO= many. Teo sura te ami stupida personos! El pa krei tali poli de ili!

Alwa= ys borrow money from a pessimist. He won’t expect it back. Panto tem, temge= ni valuto ex pesimista pe! Il no fu expekti a re geni id itera te!

A cle= ar conscience is usually the sign of a ba memory. Mori te, pura konsienso s= io indiki mala memo!

Never get into fights with ugly people, they have = nothing to lose. Semper no kombati ko stupida persono! Il habi nuli jo pro = losi!

Artificial intelligence is no match for natural stupidity. Natura st= upida to es ma forta dei artifica inteliga to !

Circumstance does not mak= e the man; it reveals him to himself cirkumsto no faci la persono! Id revel= i el a se aute!

When a woman steals your husband, there is no better reve= nge than to let her keep him.” Tem uno gino klepti tua sponso,la maxi bona = retalio sio lasi il teni il!

Laugh at your problems, everybody else does.=

Ridi a tua problemos, ili sio vanesci imedia te!

We have enough gun contr= ol. What we need is idiot control. Ni habi sata kontrolo de fusilos. Qojo n= os neci es kontrolo de moronos!

My opinions may have changed, but not the = fact that I am right. Posi te, mia opinos pa muti, sed mi es semper korek= ta! A little boy asked his father, “Dady, how much does it cost to get marr= ied?” Father replied, “I don’t know son, I’m still paying.” uno Pusa filo q= esti sea patro , “ Papa, Qanto es la preci pro gami?” Patro:”mi no ski , f= ilo, mi es ankora paga ta!” Some cause happiness wherever they go. Others w= henever they go. Unopes kausa felica to a alilo ili kini. Hetero pes alit= em ili kini ab! </poem></div>

<div class=3D”caxa”>

Enigmos de exi= sto

Mi pa veni ne ski de qolo sed mi pa veni E mi pa vidi uno via ante mi =

Epi qo mi pa du gresi. Mi dura gresi vole ne vole Qomode mi pa veni? Qomod= e mi pa vidi mia via? mi ne ski! Qe mi es paleo o neo in uci existo? Qe mi = es libe pe o sklavo in katenos? Qe mi duci auto in bio to o Mi du es duci= dia? Mi fo desiri ski, sed regreti te Mi ne ski! Mia via? Qomode es mia vi= a? Oe id es korta o longa? Qe mi deskendi a infra o askendi a ana? O kade a= infra de fundo? O ambi mi e mia via du sto tem la mundo kursi? Mi ne ski! = Qolo es mia trista to e mia ridi to Tem mi pa es juve re(ju an. juve puero= ?) Qolo es mia ignora to e mia alegra to Tem mi pa es pusa e gluka babi? Qo= lo es mia sonias qi semper du seqe mi? Ili panto pa es vanesce ! Sed Komo v= anesce ? Mi ne ski! O Maro mega! Tu habi kom mi areno e perlo Sed tu habi n= uli umbro E mi habi umbro epi geo! E tu ne habi cerebro, e mi es fo sofia = So qoka tu vive permana te e mi mori ab??! Mi ne ski!

</poem></div>

<div= class=3D”caxa”> La vagona de Jon frakti fi, tem il du age a sea erg= o lo. [Jon's car broke itself while he was driving to work (his work-place)= .] Tem el askendi kata gradios el pa kadi, e noki aute. [When she descende= d the stairs, she fell and hurt herself.] La kano fagi la karno. [The dog= eats the meat.] La kano voki a la posta pe. La auxi jo es tresoro, do tu= aj es kura za a qi tu doni id! Si tu es pluta, panto amikos sio desiri tu=

E si tu deveni pova, klu tua sibos fu eviti tu! La vera amiko resti sincer= a a sea amiko in tri kasos: 1 tem il suferi de mega turbo 2 tem il es absen= ta 3 tem il pra es morta! Uci es la femino qi doci mediti so. This is th= e lady who teaches meditation. Qe tu ski la andro qi pa merki uci navio? = Do you know the man; who bought this boat? U tetrapoda es u vivi jo, krei j= o; qi habi tetri podos. A tetrapod is a creature; which has four legs. Uc= i es la femino qi eko ula mega domo proxi la religio lo. This is the lady= ; who lives in that big house near the church. Aj bibi uci medika jo tri k= ronos singu di. No! mi ne ami uci speco de vesti jo. No! I don’t like th= is kind clothes.

Tu feni ete palida You look rather pale. Uci es la tor= to qi teni kemi-kromo. This is the cake which contains artificial colorin= g. Qe, tu memoi la andro tu pa vide pa-di? Do you remember the man you s= aw yesterday. Mi pa vide u vagona qi tu pa merki pa-di. I saw the car yo= u bought yesterday. Tu pa parli a qope? Who did you speak to? Es multa sp= ecos de zoas in ula lando. There are many kinds of animals in that countr= y. Qo horo tu fu veni? What time will you come? El es ilia sea solo infa= nto. She is their only child.

Aj nos kori nu! mi e ela sibo aj veni nu

= La andro qi adori Teo pro desiri Paradiso es merkato pe! La andro qi ador= i Teo pro fobi Il, es sklavo! La andro qi adori Teo pro grati Il, es andro = liba! </poem></div>

<div class=3D”caxa”>

nosa patro in cielo, tua = nimo ay reveri fi. Tua krati to sio veni; Tua tendi to aj akti fi Paco aj= es epi Geo homo in cielo ; Nu di, aj doni nosa di-pano a nos; E Tu aj par= doni nosa mala akti jos. Homo nos pa pardoni ili qi akti mala te a nos. E= ne dirigi nos a seduci za statos; Sed liba zi nos ab mala jos. Ka panto t= em, Tu du teni krati to, Dino e eufamo . Amen.

<div class=3D”caxa”><poem=

The Owl and the Pussy-cat

Bubo e gato fe pa kini a maro In uno bela k= lora navo Ili pa preni oliga melo e mega valuto Involvi dia in bileto de p= enti paundos La bubo pa skopi ana a la astros E du kanti a pusa gitaro, “O= gluka gato, o gato mia ami to! Tu es fo bela gato! Tu es, Tu es! Tu es fo = bela gato!

La gato pa dici a la bubo, “ Tu eleganta avio! Tua kanti jos = es tan bela e dulca ! Aj tu gami mi toste! Nos pra atendi fo longa te! Se= d qolo nos sio detekti anulo?” Ili pa du veli tem mon anua e mon di, A un= o isolo topo pomo-arbos kresci E ala uno suino pa stari in densa lo, Ko= anulo a fino de sea naso Sea naso Sea naso Ko anulo a fino de sea naso=

“Kara suino, qe tu akordi de vendi tua anulo Pro mon sciling?” La suino = pa dici “Ja, placi te” So ili pa preni id e pa toste gami fi Ex uno pavo = qi du eko epi kolono! Ili pa vori freska pomos e seki dia karno qi ili pa= vori ko ligno ta spatulo! E manu ko manu, epi areno lo, Ili pa kori infra= la lumo de luno la lumo de luno la lumo de luno Ili pa kori infra la lu= mo de luno

</poem></div>

<div class=3D”caxa”>

*Mento mega, parli = jo pusa! *Ne hesiti de oferi pusa mero, ka uci es ma bona dei doni nuli j= o! *Andro granda, dori jo granda! *Justa to es tro grava ; Opresi to es f= acila sed turba za! *La nati-lando es uci in qi tu esti felica to ! *La dic= i jo “mi pa audi id” es mala; la dici jo “mi pa vidi id” es bona! *Posi te= , vidi ta andro fali buto, e mon ko debila oku fusili bona te!

• Tu es t= oleri ta in bi kasos: 1- tu toleri uno jo qi tu odi! 2- tu toleri uno jo q= i tu desiri!

• Mi filo, aj memo la qatri neci za ajos in vivi to : 1- la = maxi bona pluta jo es vera te la sofa to! 2- la maxi bona heredi jo es vera= te la tekna to! 3- la maxi bona auxi jo es vera te la konsili to! 4- la m= axi mala pova jo es vera te la ignori to!
• Ne akompani mala amiko, ka = tua karaktero sio mala fi, sin tua tendi to!

Mi esti felica to; tu vidi e= Glisa habi multa funktios. Id ne es solo interesi jo. Id es neci jo.

Mi= e mon hetera Glisa-fe tendi ke proto te faci Glisa grego in nosa urbo. Pa= setimana nos pa loko zi anunci jos in biblo los, religio los, e in nosa= sko lo. Uci setimana mi grafi de Glisa in nosa nova papiro. Fu dtursdi es = la prima Glisa unio. Mi qesti aute ke qanto personos fu veni. Qe Glisa-pe = uni freqa te in tua urbo?

Ko uci gramo mi bali la posto karto de mi urbo;= id habi tetri piktos. 1) duci-vio ko botekos. 2) katedralo. 3) fo pale= a teatro e 4) fluvo-visto. Mi freqe gresi para fluvo tem bela klimo.

Id = es fo brevi tempo pre tu kini a India; mi esperi ke tu visiti fu es ege i= nteresi ta, e fu doni a tu mega felica to.

</poem></div>

<div class=3D”= caxa”>

Arabi Noktos

glisa fi ex myaleee

Arabi noktos, alo kilo e m= on noktos es kolekti jo de storios adi dia tra centos de anuas ex multa= translati pes, e doci pes de multa natios. La maxi famo za storio es “Alib= aba e tetri dek klepto pes”, “Sindbad la maro pe”. e “Aladin e la magika la= mpo”

La cefa nari jo es pro uno farsi rego Scehreiar e sea sponsa fe Sceh= rezad. Pre multa anua, tem la rego pa detekti la no-fidi to de sea sponso= fe, il pa komanda ke on aj cidi el komo puni to. Po te, la rego sio gami i= teri te neo virgo e lasi el cidi fi tem seqi ta matino.

Scehrezad, la f= ilo fe de vezir(islami arki ro) pa decidi de oferi auto homo sponsa fe pr= o rego. Tem nokto de sea gami to, Scehrezad dici uno nari jo a rego, sed = el ne sio fini id. La rego obligi fi de teni la vivi to de sea sponso fe,= ka il fo ami de audi la fini jo de storio. Tem seqi ta nokto, po fini la= storio, Scehrezad sio proto zi uno hetera jo. Homo te, el kontinui tra 100= 1 (kilo-mon) noktos.

</poem></div>

<div class=3D”caxa”>

*Detekti a= j bona akompani pe pro tua viaji jo , e bona para pe pro tua domo nov= a !

*Aj deveni pluta a aliena lo , e tu esti ke tu es a nati-lando ! *e s= i tu es pova in nati-lando, tu sio vivi kom aliena !

*Mento granda , parli= jo pusa !

*Tri homis meriti la simpato de Teo: *1 la sofia pe vivi ta inf= ra tirano ta rego , *2 la debila pe infra severa senioro, *3 la jenerosa = pe qi neci avara pe.

*Si tu ne geni amikos, tu faci multa enemikos . *Si t= u geni multa amikos, tu sio habi mala homis. *So aj elekti kauti te tua ami= kos.

*La andro qi geni parto ko la fagi jo de sea amiko , *sura te il dev= eni umila!

*A Teo la maxi mala pekos es menti to, *testi to falsa e opresi= la sin defendi pes !

*Es tri qalitos firma homi ta: *la severa pe es l= a enemiko a la debila pe , *la stupida pe es enemiko a la sofia pe, *la k= aka pe es la enemiko a la simpata pe .

*Si andro pra morta fi , maxi bona= te , il sio lasi tri ajos: *1 Teni duri ta valutos pro doni a pova pes! *= 2 ajos sienso ta pro doci demo *3 sea filo bona e auxi za!

</poem></div>

<div class=3D”caxa”>

Dici jos latina

ucundi sunt = acti labores. (Cicero)

La ergos bona te faci dia es gluka.

Non omnia poss= umus omnes. (Lucilius)

Nos ne poti panto jos.

Nullus est liber tam malus,= ut non aliqua parte prosit. (Plinius)

Nuli biblo es tali mala, ke on ne = poti uti id.

O tempora, o mores! (Cicero)

O tempos, O mori jos!

Rem ten= e, verba sequentur! (Cato)

Aj teni ajo, parolos fu seqi.

Summum ius, summ= a iniuria.

Maxi justa es maxi no-justa.

Homines, dum docent, discunt. (Se= neca)

Personos du apreni tem ili doci .

Res non semper, spes mihi semper= adest. (Ovidius)

Reala to ne auxi mi, sed la espero semper .

</poem></d= iv>

<div class=3D”caxa”>

Pueros laudi mia bela fe! Ili dici: tu es = carma za! El ege ami uci parolos! Sed regreti te! El pa oblivi mia nimo, K= a la nimos de ela adori ros es multa! Si el vidi mi, el sio ignori mi aroga= te! Klu intima ajos inter nos ambi pra acidi: Skopi, ete ridi, saluti, Pa= rli, promisi, e fini te la inkontri to!

</poem></div>

<div class=3D”caxa= “>

Jon: Papa, mi voli gami Susan, nosa amiko fe en para ta domo! Pat= ro: Nulitem! Ka mi prekron habi ami ta relato ko ela matro! El es tua sibo = fe! Jon: Seqi te, mi sio gami Mary, nosa hetera para ta amiko fe! Patro: Nu= limode!! Plus te, mi prekron te habi ami ta relato ko ela matro! Mi peniti,= el anke es tua sibo fe!

Jon pa kini a sea matro, e pa dici trista te: Pap= a pa refusi gami zi mi ko Mary alo Susan, ka ili ambi es mia sibo fes! Matr= o: Aj es felica! Tu poti gami alife qi tu desiri! Ka reala te, papa ne es t= ua patro!

</poem></div>

<div class=3D”caxa”>

O mia bela ami dia f= e! Qo doro mi sio doni a tu In tua nati-di ? Anelo alo brakaleto de oro ? M= i ne gusti kadenos sirke tua manuas !! Alo dulca mielo de flami za kromo = komo mia kardio !! Sed la vera mielo es in tua labios ruba !! Alo vino? Sed= in tota mundo, ne es vino Komo uci, qi versi ex tua seduci za okus ! Mi n= e habi ajo plu valui rita dei la spirito ! Aj preni! Mia spirito es infra= tua komando !

</poem></div>